Refugee Lexicon
Updated: 27 April 2021
Since the drafting of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, important policy and guidance documents have been developed primarily in the English language. Similarly, throughout UNHCR’s engagement in Malaysia, the Office has utilized both English and Malay language mediums in order to effectively communicate with government, public, and refugee communities.
Recognising a gap of standardised refugee-related terms within the Malay language, UNHCR has developed the Refugee Lexicon: Translation of Related Terms into the Malay Language. UNHCR identified common terms in English and engaged with in-house technical experts who are native Malay language speakers to provide practical translations that can be used in the ordinary vernacular. Approximately 3,000 terms that are commonly used in discussions on the refugee context were compiled and translated.
UNHCR reviewed these translations and referred to translations used by the Malay language authority, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. The Refugee Lexicon is a living document which will be periodically reviewed and updated.
E
Malay
Category of Word
Early marriage
Perkahwinan awal
Family
Early warning systems
Sistem amaran awal
Refugee protection
Earth sciences
sains bumi
Science
Earth sciences
sains bumi
Science
earthquakes
gempa bumi
Natural resources and environment
East Africa
Afrika Timur
Geographical areas
East Africans
Orang Afrika Timur
Population groups
East Asia
Asia Timur
Geographical areas
East Asians
Orang Asia Timur
Population groups
East Germans
Orang Jerman Timur
Population groups
East Timorese
Orang Timor Timur
Population groups
East Timorese
Orang Timor-Leste
Population groups
Eastern Europe
Eropah Timur
Geographical areas
Eastern Europeans
Orang Eropah Timur
Population groups
ECHR
Konvensyen Hak Asasi Manusia Eropah
Human Rights
ecology
ekologi
Natural resources and environment
Economic adaptation
Adaptasi ekonomi
Integration
Economic adaptation
Penyesuaian ekonomi
Integration
Economic change
perubahan ekonomi
Economics
Economic deprivation
kemerosotan ekonomi
Labour and employment
Economic development
Pembangunan ekonomi
Development
Economic expansion
pengembangan ekonomi
Economics
Economic integration
Integrasi ekonomi
Integration
Economic integration
Penyatuan ekonomi
Integration
Economic migration
Penghijrahan ekonomi
Migration
Economic migration
migrasi ekonomi
Migration
Economic processes
proses ekonomi
Economics
Economic recession
kemelesetan ekonomi
Economics
Economic resources
sumber ekonomi
Economics
Economic self-sufficiency
Mampu diri segi ekonomi
Integration
Economic self-sufficiency
Mampu diri ekonomi
Integration
Economic stagnation
ekonomi tidak berkembang
Economics
Economic systems
sistem ekonomi
Economics
Economic, social and cultural rights
Hak ekonomi, sosial dan kebudayaan
Human Rights
Economic, social and cultural rights
Hak ekonomi, sosial dan budaya
Human Rights
Economics
Ekonomi
Economics
ECOSOC
Majlis Ekonomi dan Sosial Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (ECOSOC)
Organization
ECOSOC resolutions
Resolusi ECOSOC
Entry, admission and reception
Ecuador
Ecuador
Geographical areas
Ecuadorians
Orang Ecuador
Population groups
Edo
Orang Edo
Population groups
Education
Pendidikan
Education and language
Education administration
pentadbiran pendidikan
Education and language
Education policy
dasar pendidikan
Education and language
Education psychology
Psikologi pendidikan
Education and language
Educational administration and management
Pentadbiran dan pengurusan pendidikan
Education and language
Educational background
latar belakang pendidikan
Education and language
Educational discrimination
Diskriminasi pendidikan
Human Rights
Educational finance
kewangan pendidikan
Education and language
Educational grants
geran pendidikan
Education and language
Educational guidance
bimbingan pendidikan
Education and language
Educational institutions
Institusi pendidikan
Education and language
Educational management
Pengurusan pendidikan
Education and language
Educational opportunities
Peluang pendidikan
Education and language
Educational programmes
Program pendidikan
Education and language
Educational qualifications
kelayakan pendidikan
Education and language
Educational systems and levels
Sistem dan tahap pendidikan
Education and language
Educational systems and levels
Sistem dan tahap pendidikan
Education and language
Egypt
Mesir
Geographical areas
Egyptians
Orang Mesir
Population groups
El Salvador
El Salvador
Geographical areas
elderly
warga emas
Population groups
Elderly
Warga tua
Population groups
Elections
Pilihan raya
Politics
electricity
elektrik
Natural resources and environment
Electronic documents
Fail elektronik
Communication and information
Electronic documents
Dokumen elektronik
Communication and information
Electronic mail
Emel
Communication and information
Elite
Elit
Social groups
Emergency feeding programmes
Program memberi makan kecemasan
Emergency relief
Emergency legislation
Perundangan darurat
National law
Emergency medical care
Rawatan perubatan kecemasan
Emergency relief
Emergency relief
Bantuan kecemasan
Emergency relief
Emergency relief operations
Operasi bantuan kecemasan
Emergency relief
Emergency relief organizations
Pertubuhan-pertubuhan bantuan kecemasan
Organization
Emergency relief programmes
Program bantuan kecemasan
Emergency relief
Emergency relief supplies
Bekalan bantuan kecemasan
Emergency relief
Emergency shelter
Tempat perlindungan kecemasan
Emergency relief
Emigrants
perantau
Population groups
Emigrants
emigran
Population groups
Emigrants
Penghijrah
Population groups
Emigration
Penghijrahan (keluar)
Migration
Emigration
emigrasi
Migration
Emigration policy
Dasar penghijrahan
Migration
Emigration policy
dasar emigrasi
Migration
emotions
perasaan
Psychology
emotions
emosi
Psychology
employees
pekerja
Labour and employment
employers
majikan
Labour and employment
employment
pekerjaan
Labour and employment
employment opportunities
peluang pekerjaan
Labour and employment
Employment services
Perkhidmatan pekerjaan
Social work and services
Encyclopaedias
Ensiklopedia
Communication and information
energy
tenaga
Natural resources and environment
English minorities
Minoriti Inggeris
Population groups
Enterprises
perusahaan
Business and industry
Enterprises
syarikat
Business and industry
Entry
Kemasukan
Entry, admission and reception
Entry for settlement
Kemasukan untuk penempatan
Immigration law
environment
alam sekitar
Natural resources and environment
environment
persekitaran
Natural resources and environment
environment laws
undang-undang perlindungan alam sekitar
Natural resources and environment
environmental degradation
penyahgredan alam sekitar
Natural resources and environment
Environmental migrants
Pendatang asing alam sekitar
Population groups
Environmental migrants
emigran persekitaran
Population groups
environmental policy
dasar [perlindungan] alam sekitar
Natural resources and environment
environmental protection
perlindungan alam sekitar
Natural resources and environment
Environmental refugees
Pelarian alam sekitar
Refugees and other groups of concern
Epidemics
wabak
Diseases
epidemiology
Pengkajian wabak
Health, medicine and nutrition
epidemiology
epidemiologi
Health, medicine and nutrition
Equal opportunities
Peluang sama rata
Human Rights
Equality before the law
Kesaksamaan di bawah undang-undang
Human Rights
Equatorial Guinea
Guinea Khatulistiwa
Geographical areas
Equatorial Guineans
Orang Guinea Khatulistiwa
Population groups
Eritrea
Eritrea
Geographical areas
Eritrean minorities
Minoriti Eritrea
Population groups
Eritreans
Orang Eritrea
Population groups
Estonia
Estonia
Geographical areas
Estonian minorities
Minoriti Estonia
Population groups
Estonians
Orang Estonia
Population groups
Estoppel
Estopel
Administration of justice
Ethics
Etika
Belief Systems and religions
Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Geographical areas
Ethiopians
Orang Ethiopia
Population groups
Ethnic and national groups
kumpulan etnik dan kebangsaan
Population groups
Ethnic and national groups
Kumpulan etnik dan nasional
Population groups
Ethnic cleansing
Pembersihan etnik
Human Rights
Ethnic communities
Masyarakat etnik
Community
Ethnic communities
Komuniti etnik
Community
Ethnic conflict
Konflik etnik
Conflict
Ethnic discrimination
Diskriminasi etnik
Human Rights
Ethnic enclaves
Kepungan etnik/enklaf etnik
Human settlements
Ethnic identity
Identiti etnik
Social psychology
Ethnic neighbourhoods
Kawasan [kejiranan] etnik
Human settlements
Ethnic persecution
Penganiayaan etnik
Persecution
Ethnomedicine
ilmu perubatan tradisional
Medicine and medical treatment
Ethnomedicine
ethnoperubatan
Medicine and medical treatment
EU
Kesatuan Eropah (EU)
Organization
Europe
Eropah
Geographical areas
Europe
Eropah
Geographical areas
European Convention on Human Rights
Konvensyen Hak Asasi Manusia Eropah
Human Rights
European Court of Human Rights
Mahkamah Hak Asasi Manusia Eropah
Organization
European Court of Justice
Mahkamah Keadilan Eropah
Organization
European groups
Kumpulan Eropah
Population groups
European Union (EU)
Kesatuan Eropah (EU)
Organization
Europeans
Orang Eropah
Population groups
Euthenasia
eutanasia
Diseases
Evacuation
Pemindahan
Refugee protection
Evacuation
perpindahan
Refugee protection
Evaluation
Penilaian
Management & Research
Evidence
Bukti
Administration of justice
Ewe
Orang Ewe
Population groups
Examination of immigrants
Pemeriksaan pendatang
Immigration law
Examinations
Peperiksaan
Education and language
Exceptional leave to remain
Kebenaran khas untuk tinggal
Immigration law
Exclusion
Pengecualian
Granting or denial of refugee status
Exclusion clauses
Klausa pengecualian
Granting or denial of refugee status
Executive branch
Cawangan eksekutif
Politics
Executive orders
Arahan eksekutif
Legal instruments
Executive power
Kuasa eksekutif
Politics
Exhibitions
Pameran
Communication and information
Exile
Buangan
Migration
Exiles
Pengusiran
Population groups
exiles
orangan buangan
Population groups
Exodus
Penghijarahan
Refugee protection
Exodus
Pemergian
Refugee protection
expectation
jangkaan
Psychology
expectation
pengharapan
Psychology
expectation
hal yang diharapkan
Psychology
Expenditure
perbelanjawan
Labour and employment
Expert evidence
Bukti pakar
Administration of justice
exploitation of natural resources
eksploitasi sumber semula jadi
Natural resources and environment
Expulsion
Pengusiran
Immigration law
Expulsion orders
Perintah pengusiran
Immigration law
Extended family
Keluarga besar/keluarga luas/keluarga lanjutan
Family
Extradition
Ekstradisi
Immigration law
Extralegal executions
Pembunuhan di luar undang undang
Human Rights
Extralegal executions
Pembunuhan luar bidang perundangan
Human Rights
Extraterritorial effect
Kesan antarabangsa
Entry, admission and reception
Extraterritorial effect
Kesan ekstrateritorial
Entry, admission and reception
Extraterritorial processing
Pemprosesan luar negara
Entry, admission and reception