Refugee Lexicon

Updated: 27 April 2021

Since the drafting of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, important policy and guidance documents have been developed primarily in the English language. Similarly, throughout UNHCR’s engagement in Malaysia, the Office has utilized both English and Malay language mediums in order to effectively communicate with government, public, and refugee communities.

Recognising a gap of standardised refugee-related terms within the Malay language, UNHCR has developed the Refugee Lexicon: Translation of Related Terms into the Malay Language. UNHCR identified common terms in English and engaged with in-house technical experts who are native Malay language speakers to provide practical translations that can be used in the ordinary vernacular. Approximately 3,000 terms that are commonly used in discussions on the refugee context were compiled and translated.

UNHCR reviewed these translations and referred to translations used by the Malay language authority, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. The Refugee Lexicon is a living document which will be periodically reviewed and updated.

#ABCDEFGHIJKL • M • NOPQRSTUVWXYZ

M

Malay
Category of Word
Macau
Makau
Geographical areas
Macedonia
Makedonia
Geographical areas
Macedonian minorities
Minoriti Macedonia
Population groups
Macedonians
Orang Macedonia
Population groups
Madagascar
Madagaskar
Geographical areas
Maghreb
Maghreb
Geographical areas
Mainstreaming
Pengarusutamaan
UN Gender Group Terms
Maintenance
penyelenggaraan
Technology and construction
maladjustment
salah suaian
Psychology
maladjustment
gagal menyesuaikan diri dalam norma sosial
Psychology
Malagasies
Orang Malagasy
Population groups
Malawi
Malawi
Geographical areas
Malawians
Orang Malawi
Population groups
Malaysia
Malaysia
Geographical areas
Malaysians
Orang Malaysia
Population groups
Maldives
Maldives
Geographical areas
Maldivians
Orang Maldivia
Population groups
males
lelaki
Population groups
Mali
Mali
Geographical areas
Malians
Orang Mali
Population groups
malnutrition
malnutrisi
Food and nutrition
Malta
Malta
Geographical areas
Maltese
Orang Malta
Population groups
Management
Pengurusan
Management & Research
Management and research
Pengurusan dan penyelidikan
Management & Research
Management functions
Fungsi pengurusan
Management & Research
managers
pengurus
Labour and employment
Mandate refugees
Pelarian mandat
Refugees and other groups of concern
Mandate status
Status mandat
Refugee status determination
Manifestly unfounded applications
Permohonan yang tidak berasas
Refugee status application
manmade disasters
bencana buatan manusia
Natural resources and environment
Manual workers
buruh kasar
Labour and employment
Manuals
Buku panduan
Communication and information
Manuals
Manual
Communication and information
Manufacture
pembuatan
Technology and construction
Maoris
Orang Maori
Population groups
Mapping
pemetaan
Science
Maps
Peta
Communication and information
marginality
tersisih
Psychology
marginality
penyisihan
Psychology
Mari
Orang Mari
Population groups
Marital conflict
Konflik rumah tangga
Family
Marital status
Status perkahwinan
Family
Marketing
pemasaran
Trade
Markets
pasaran
Trade
Markets
pasar
Trade
Maroons
Orang Maroon
Population groups
Marriage
Perkahwinan
Family
Married persons
Orang yang sudah berkahwin
Family
Marshall Islands
Kepulauan Marshall
Geographical areas
Marshallese
Orang Kepulauan Marshall
Population groups
Martial law
Undang-undang tentera
National law
Martinicans
Orang Martinik
Population groups
Marxism
Marxisme
Politics
Masai
Orang Masai
Population groups
masonry
batu
Technology and construction
masonry
pertukangan batu
Technology and construction
Mass arrest
Penahanan massa
Human Rights
Mass arrest
Penangkapan beramai-ramai
Human Rights
Mass communication
Komunikasi massa
Communication and information
Mass exodus
Penghijarahan beramai-ramai
Refugee protection
Mass exodus
Pemergian beramai-ramai
Refugee protection
Mass media
Media massa
Communication and information
Massacres
Pembunuhan beramai-ramai
Conflict
Material handling
pengedalian bahan
Technology and construction
Maternal and child health care
Klinik Kesihatan ibu dan anak
Maternal and child health
Maternal mortality
Kematian ibu
Population
Maternity benefits
Faedah bersalin
Social security
Matriarchal societies
Masyarakat kuasa ibu
Society
Matriarchal societies
masyarakat saka
Society
Matrilineal societies
Masyarakat matrilineal
Society
Mauritania
Mauritania
Geographical areas
Mauritanians
Orang Mauritania
Population groups
Mauritians
Orang Mauritius
Population groups
Mauritius
Mauritius
Geographical areas
Mayotteans
Orang Mayotteans
Population groups
meat
daging
Food and nutrition
Media
Media
Communication and information
Media
Media
Communication and information
Mediation
Pengantaraan
Conflict
Medical drugs
ubat
Medicine and medical treatment
Medical evidence
Bukti perubatan
Administration of justice
medical personnel
pegawai perubatan
Labour and employment
Medical rehabilitation
pemulihan perubatan
Medicine and medical treatment
Medical screening
pemeriksaan kesihatan
Medicine and medical treatment
Medical screening
pemeriksaan perubatan
Medicine and medical treatment
Medical supplies
bekalan perubatan
Medicine and medical treatment
Medical treatment
rawatan perubatan
Medicine and medical treatment
Medicine
ubat-ubatan
Medicine and medical treatment
Meetings
Mesyuarat
Communication and information
Meetings
Perjumpaan
Communication and information
Men
Lekali
Population groups
mental disorders
gangguan mental
Psychology
mental disorders
penyakit mental
Psychology
mental handicap
kecacatan mental
Psychology
mental health
kesihatan mental
Psychology
Mental health and psychosocial support
Kesihatan mental dan sokonggan psikososial
UN Gender Group Terms
Mental hospitals
Hospital mental
Psychology
Mentally disadvantaged
individu kurang sihat dari segi mental
Population groups
Mentally disadvantaged
Orang bermasalah mental
Population groups
Mentally handicapped
Orang Kurang Upaya secara mental
Population groups
Mentally handicapped
kecacatan mental
Population groups
Mentally ill
Orang sakit mental
Population groups
mentally ill
sakit mental
Population groups
Mercenaries
Askar upahan
Conflict
Mercenaries
Tentera upahan
Conflict
Meteorology
meteorologi
Science
Methods and means of war
Kaedah dan cara perang
Conflict
Mexicans
Orang Mexico
Population groups
Mexico
Mexico
Geographical areas
Microcredit
kredit mikro
Finance
Microforms
Mikroform
Communication and information
Microforms
Cecair mikro
Communication and information
Micronesians
Orang Mikronesia
Population groups
Middle class
Kelas pertengahan/Kelas menengah
Social groups
Middle East
Timur Tengah
Geographical areas
Middle East
Timur Tengah
Geographical areas
Middle Easterners
Orang Timur Tengah
Population groups
Midway Islanders
Penduduk Kepulauan Midway
Population groups
midwives
bidan
Labour and employment
Migrant rights
Hak pendatang
Human Rights
Migrant rights
Hak migran
Human Rights
Migrant workers
Pekerja migran
Population groups
Migrants
Migran
Population groups
Migration
Penghijrahan
Migration
Migration
migrasi
Migration
Migration policy
Dasar penghijrahan/Dasar migrasi
Migration
Migration pressure
Tekanan penghijrahan/Tekanan migrasi
Migration
Military courts
Mahkamah tentera
Administration of justice
Military government
Kerajaan tentera
Politics
Military government
Pemerintahan tentera
Politics
Military recruitment
Pengambilan tentera
Conflict
Military recruitment
Perekrutan tentera
Conflict
Military service
Perkhidmatan tentera
Conflict
Militias
Militia
Conflict
Militias
Tentera
Conflict
milk
susu
Food and nutrition
milk powder
serbuk susu
Food and nutrition
minimum wage
gaji minimum
Labour and employment
Minority groups
Kumpulan minoriti
Population groups
Minors
Kanak-kanak bawah umur
Population groups
Missing persons
Orang yang hilang
Human Rights
Mixed farming
pertanian bercampur
Agriculture and land
Mixed farming
perladangan campuran
Agriculture and land
mobile health units
Unit Kesihatan Bergerak
Healthcare
Moldovan minorities
Minoriti Moldova
Population groups
Moldovans
Orang Moldova
Population groups
Mon
Orang Mon
Population groups
Monaco
Monaco
Geographical areas
Monarchy
Pemerintahan beraja
Politics
Monegasques
Orang Monegasque
Population groups
Money
wang
Finance
Mongolia, People's Republic
Republik Rakyat Mongolia
Geographical areas
Mongolians
Orang Mongolia
Population groups
Monitoring
Pemantauan
Management & Research
Montenegrins
Orang Montenegro
Population groups
Montserrat
Montserrat
Geographical areas
Moravians
Orang Morovia
Population groups
Morbidity statistics
Statistik morbiditi
Population
Mordovians
Orang Mordovia
Population groups
Moroccans
Orang Maghribi
Population groups
Morocco
Maghribi
Geographical areas
Mortality statistics
Statistik kematian
Population
Mother
Ibu
Family
Mother tongue
bahasa ibunda
Education and language
Mother tongue teaching
pendidikan [dalam] bahasa ibunda
Education and language
motivation
motivasi
Psychology
motivation
dorongan
Psychology
motor vehicles
kenderaan bermotor
Transport
Mozambicans
Orang Mozambique
Population groups
Mozambique
Mozambique
Geographical areas
Multilateral treaties
Perjanjian pelbagai hala
International law
Multilingualism
berbilang bahasa
Education and language
Multiple nationality
Pelbagai kewarganegaraan
Nationality and nationality law
Music
muzik
Arts
Muslims
Orang Islam
Population groups
Mutilation
Pemusnahan
Human Rights
Mutilation
Pencacatan
Human Rights
Myanmar
Mongolia
Geographical areas
Myanmar
Myanmar
Geographical areas